# J — Inca Glossary > From the Inca Glossary by Patt O'Neill (© 2007, 2008, 2014). > Web page: https://incaglossary.com/j > 21 terms. Each term heading links to that term's own Markdown file. ## [jaborandi](https://incaglossary.com/j/jaborandi.md) (n) *Pilocarpus pennatifolius*. The leaves are used to make medicine. Despite serious safety concerns, jaborandi is used to treat diarrhea and to cause sweating. Some people also put it in the eye to treat glaucoma. [WEBMD] Its ingestion produces marked sweating and salivation and thereby it was thought to provoke the elimination of toxins. [DYE] - Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/J_files/jaborandi.jpg — Jaborandi. [WIKI] ## [jacar](https://incaglossary.com/j/jacar.md) , shucar (unk dial.): (v) To magically produce harm which is effected by places that are [charmed](https://incaglossary.com/e/encanto.md). [GOL] ## [jaco](https://incaglossary.com/j/jaco.md) , shuco (unk dial.): A magical attack directed against those who neglect to give offerings to the spirit entities ([encantos](https://incaglossary.com/e/encanto.md)) of plants and/or [huacas](https://incaglossary.com/h/huaca.md). [GOL] ## [jaguar](https://incaglossary.com/j/jaguar.md) (n) (Tupi, *jaguara*) (1) Described as a “leopard on steroids,” the jaguar is the largest of the cats of the New World. [PGO] (2) This regal feline became a symbol of authority and one's prowess in hunting and battle, as well as an integral part of mythology and a powerful spirit companion for [shamans](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md), who often associate the jaguar as a [nagual](https://incaglossary.com/n/nagual.md), which will protect the shaman from evil spirits and when they move between the earth and the spirit realm. In order for the shaman to combat whatever evil forces may be maligning him, or those who rely on the shaman for protection, it is necessary for the shaman to transform himself and crossover to the spirit realm. The jaguar is often chosen as a nagual because of its strength, for it is necessary that the shaman dominate the spirits, in the same way as a predator dominates its prey. The jaguar is said to possess the transient ability of moving between worlds because of its comfort in the trees and the water, their ability to hunt as well in the nighttime as in the daytime, and their habit of sleeping in caves, places often associated with the deceased ancestors. (*See*, [mallquis](https://incaglossary.com/m/mallqui.md).) The concept of the transformation of the shaman is well documented in Mesoamerica and South America, and is demonstrated through the prominence of the [runauturuncu](https://incaglossary.com/r/runauturuncu.md), and other sculpture illustrating jaguar transformation. [EWO] Throughout South America the feline is believed to be the alter ego of the shaman. [WOFW]  *See*, [nagual](https://incaglossary.com/n/nagual.md), [therianthropy](https://incaglossary.com/t/therianthropy.md), [shapeshifting](https://incaglossary.com/s/shapeshifting.md). (3) Some teachers of Inca shamanism use the jaguar as the archetype of the [kaypacha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaypacha.md). Others place it on an [Inca medicine wheel](https://incaglossary.com/i/incamedicinewheel.md). [PGO] (*See*, [puma](https://incaglossary.com/p/puma.md).) *A jaguar preys on a cayman (Def. 1). Source of photos unknown. To download a PDF of these slides, click [here](https://incaglossary.com/pdfs/Jag_Cayman.pdf). Click [here](http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/09/pictures/130906-caiman-jaguar-animals-science-photos-brazil-attack/#/1-jaguar-kills-caiman_71388_600x450.jpg) for the same attack photographed by National Geographic. [It's awesome. Don't miss it. Link contributed by [Earth Caretakers](http://www.earthcaretakers.net/) - Patt]* - Image: (not preserved on the original site) — cincopa slideshow embed - Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/J_files/paint242.jpg ## [jaladores](https://incaglossary.com/j/jaladores.md) Languages: Span. (n) Literally, *pullers*; they pull [anima](https://incaglossary.com/a/anima.md) into a crystal in dreamtime.  [JLH] ## [jallalla](https://incaglossary.com/j/jallalla.md) *See*, [hayllalla](https://incaglossary.com/h/hayllalla.md) ## [jampi](https://incaglossary.com/j/jampi.md) (n) *See*, [hampi](https://incaglossary.com/h/hampi.md). ## [jampiri](https://incaglossary.com/j/jampiri.md) *See*, [hampiri](https://incaglossary.com/h/hampiri.md). ## [jampiy](https://incaglossary.com/j/jampiy.md) *See*, [hampichiy](https://incaglossary.com/h/hampichiy.md). ## [jani](https://incaglossary.com/j/jani.md) (n) Soul loss. The Quechua term for the Spanish [susto](https://incaglossary.com/s/susto.md), meaning *fright*. [DYE] ## [jap'eqay](https://incaglossary.com/j/japeqay.md) (v) Keep in mind; to keep (something); to learn; to seize the heart; to make sick; to understand; to be sick due to Pachamama. [RS] ## [japu](https://incaglossary.com/j/japu.md) *See*, [hapu](https://incaglossary.com/h/hapu.md). ## [jatun](https://incaglossary.com/j/jatun.md) *See*, [hatun](https://incaglossary.com/h/hatun.md). ## [jengibre](https://incaglossary.com/j/jengibre.md) Languages: Span (n) Ginger, which is used for stomach aches, colds and dysentery. [AAI] ## [jenin-yushinbaon carcel](https://incaglossary.com/j/jenin-yushinbaoncarcel.md) (Amaz, sp): (n) A prison (*carcel* in Spanish) of aquatic souls entered through the mouth of a huge [anaconda](https://incaglossary.com/a/anaconda.md) and found in its abdomen. [Shamans](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md) willing to rescue the souls of patients stolen by aquatic spirits have to enter this place through the mouth of the anaconda. Entering the body of an anaconda through its mouth is a common theme in Shipibo mythology (sp). [AYV] - Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/J_files/paint252.jpg — Jenin-Yushinbaon Carcel. Those who wish to enter arrive by boat (right), leaving it to be received by the guardians standing in the animal's mouth. One cannot enter from above, where it has various well-situated radars. Note the [yakuruna](https://incaglossary.com/y/yakuruna.md) eating a fish in the lower left corner. A detail from a painting by [vegetalista](https://incaglossary.com/v/vegetalista.md) Pablo Amaringo of one of his visions. [AYV] ## [jergón](https://incaglossary.com/j/jergon.md) Languages: Amaz (n) A poisonous snake of the Amazon basin. [AYV] - Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/J_files/droppedImage-382.jpg ## [jergón-sacha](https://incaglossary.com/j/jergon-sacha.md) (n) (*Dracontium peruvianum, [also found references to it as D. longpipes, and D. loretensi - Patt]* ) has long been used by indigenous tribes to treat snakebites in the Amazon region, especially bites from the genus *Bothrops*. The mottled appearance of the plant looks similar to these types of snakes. To treat these bites, a cold-brewed tea is made from chopped up roots and is consumed. As well, chopped root is placed against the bite and changed periodically. A similar treatment is used by some tribes to treat spider bites, stingray wounds, and wounds from poison arrows infused with poisons taken from animals like frogs. In Peruvian herbal medicine, it is used as a natural remedy for gastrointestinal problems, hand tremors, HIV / AIDS, cancer, and to enhance general immune strength. [WELF] - Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/J_files/droppedImage-392.jpg ## [josho oni](https://incaglossary.com/j/joshooni.md) Languages: Panoan (n) White [ayahuasca](https://incaglossary.com/a/ayahuasca.md), one of three kinds of ayahuasca distinguished by the Shipibo according to color. (*See*, [oni](https://incaglossary.com/o/oni.md).) ## [journey](https://incaglossary.com/j/journey.md) Languages: Eng (n) The ecstatic flight of the [shaman](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md); the taking of one's consciousness and luminous body into non-ordinary reality, into the unknown, the [nagual](https://incaglossary.com/n/nagual.md).  This is often done to acquire information, to effect distance healing, or for pleasure. [PGO] The journey may include spiritual shapeshifting. Becoming an animal is common. The spirit separates itself from the body to make flights of vision and materializes in other beings, in a saint, a mountain, an ancient shrine, and so on. In a series of manifestations in agreement with the charm or spell or place of the task or the symbology of which one is thinking: a lion, tiger, horse, bird, mountain, lagoon, stream, saint, herb, possibly even a demon. This highly subjective inner experience does not blot out objective conscious perception; all of the five physical senses and a “[vision](https://incaglossary.com/s/seeing.md)”  separated, more remote in the sense that one can look at things that go far beyond the ordinary or that have happened in the past or can happen in the future. Visionary, ecstatic magical flight is the mark of the true shaman of all times and places. [WOFW]  The shamanic journey is in three phases. The shaman sets forth from the realm of the mundane; he then journeys to the supernatural and returns. Always the passage involves these three destinations or locations . . . The shaman travels to the edge of the social order each time he undertakes these journeys. He enters non-form, the underlying chaos of the unconceptualized domain which has not yet been made a part of the cosmos by the cultural activity of naming and defining. With each crossing over, he gains power, as do all persons who travel to the edges of order, for . . . such contacts with the boundaries of conceptualization are sources of power as well as danger. Shamans are liminal people, at the thresholds of form, forever betwixt and between. [SSCC] --- **Shamanic magical flight is the ability of certain individuals to leave their bodies at will, and to travel “in the spirit” through the three cosmic regions [the [Three Worlds](https://incaglossary.com/t/threeworlds.md)]. . . By his ecstasy the shaman renders himself equal to the gods, to the dead and to the spirits; the ability to “die” and come to life again -- that is, voluntarily to leave and to reenter the body -- denotes that he has surpassed the human condition.** [MDM] --- ## [jucha](https://incaglossary.com/j/jucha.md) *See*, [hucha](https://incaglossary.com/h/hucha.md). ## [jugada](https://incaglossary.com/j/jugada.md) Languages: Span (adj) Played, manipulated. (n) An act of [sorcery](https://incaglossary.com/s/sorcery.md). [GOL] ## Sources - **AAI**: amazonartinstitute.com/id67.html - **AYV**: *Ayahuasca Visions,* Luna - **DYE**: Source not listed on the original Text Sources page. - **EWO**: en.wikipedia.org - **GOL**: *The Gift of Life*, Glass-Coffin. - **JLH**: Jose Luis Herrera, various lectures - **MDM**: *Myths, Dreams, and Mysteries*, Eliade - **PGO**: Patt Grantham O’Neill, personal definitions I write when I cannot find a good one elsewhere. - **RS**: runasimi.de - **SSCC**: *Sorcery and Shamanism: Curanderos and Clients in Northern Peru*, Joralemon and Sharon. - **WEBMD**: www.webmd.com/ - **WELF**: www.essentiallivingfoods.com - **WIKI**: en.wikipedia.org (no www) - **WOFW**: Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.