# K — Inca Glossary

> From the Inca Glossary by Patt O'Neill (© 2007, 2008, 2014).
> Web page: https://incaglossary.com/k
> 141 terms. Each term heading links to that term's own Markdown file.

## [Ka-Ata-Killa](https://incaglossary.com/k/ka-ata-killa.md)

(n) A moon goddess in [Inca](https://incaglossary.com/i/inca.md)
and pre-Inca mythology. [EFD]

## [kacuni](https://incaglossary.com/k/kacuni.md)

(n) Massage and [suction](https://incaglossary.com/s/sucking.md),
two essential elements of surgical technique, were used freely in
ancient Peru. Through these procedures they removed foreign bodies,
thorns, arrow points, necrotic tissue, abscesses, and relieved local
pain. Massage was carried out either with the bare hand or by means of
magic objects. Even today [1974], in certain primitive areas of the
Andes, we can see native healers using a procedure called [soba del cuy](https://incaglossary.com/s/sobarconquwi.md), which consists of
massaging the patient with a recently killed guinea pig which has been
split open in the middle and whose warm and palpitating viscerae are
rubbed gently against the ailing part. (*Compare*, *[limpia con quwi](https://incaglossary.com/l/limpiaconquwi.md)*, which is
a different, yet similar, procedure.) Different flowers, white and
purple maize and [coca](https://incaglossary.com/c/coca.md) leaves are also used
in the same manner.

## [kacha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kacha.md)

(adj)
Silly, stupid. [DYE]

## [kaika](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaika.md)

(n) A
group of symptoms which consist of headaches, nausea, vomiting, general
malaise and profuse sweating, besieging the patient in a mysterious
manner after his visit to very high mountains or after attending a
funeral. This acute illness is frequently followed by a prolonged
malady characterized by weight loss, mental depression, lack of
appetite and other signs of generalized organic imbalance. The *kaika* is usually
cured through magical procedures, one of them being that of “paying to
the earth,” which consists of [magic passes](https://incaglossary.com/m/magicalpass.md) and offerings of food to [Pachamama](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachamama.md). The
origin of the term *kaika* is
obscure. It may derive from the word *Kai* which
indicates an invisible, all-powerful deity. It may also come from some
local language now disappeared. [DYE] *See*, [despacho](https://incaglossary.com/d/despacho.md), [pago](https://incaglossary.com/p/pago.md), and below
 *pago*, *see*,
pago a la tierra.

## [kaipai](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaipai.md)

*See*, [kallpay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpay.md).

## [kaka haypicha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaka-haypicha.md)

(N) Incorruptible unity of the [luminous body](https://incaglossary.com/l/luminousbody.md). [MBE]

## [Kalasasaya, Kalasaya](https://incaglossary.com/k/kalasasaya.md)

(n) A semi-subterranean temple at [Tiwanako](https://incaglossary.com/t/tiwanako.md)
built in the ancient architectural style of the [Yaya-Mama](https://incaglossary.com/y/yayamama.md) religious tradition. The
projecting heads, seen in the picture, are, however, unique and not
part of any other style. [TAI]

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/droppedImage-402.jpg

## [kallari](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallari.md)

(n) Flow, changing, movement; one of the major organizing principles. (*See*,
 [saiwa](https://incaglossary.com/s/saiwa.md), [munay](https://incaglossary.com/m/munay.md), [nuna](https://incaglossary.com/n/nuna.md), [cheqak](https://incaglossary.com/ch/cheqak.md),
 [yuya](https://incaglossary.com/y/yuya.md), [ch'ulla](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chulla.md), [kawsay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay.md).)

## [Kallawaya](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallawaya.md)

*See*,
 [Kollahuaya](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollahuaya.md)**.**

## [kallpa](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpa.md)

Power,
strength; personal spiritual power. *See*, [calpa](https://incaglossary.com/c/calpa.md) and kallpay, below.

## [kallpachay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpachay.md)

(v) To
encourage; to give strength. [RS]

## [kallpasapa](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpasapa.md)

(adj)
Vigorous; strong; brawny. [RS]

## [kallpay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpay.md)

, kaipai,
kaypai: (v) To make an effort; to try hard. [RS] (2) To
always source from [Pachamama](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachamama.md), thus life
force is fed. [JLH] (n) (1)
Bio-energetic force. (2) Work, labor. [HOI]

## [kallpayoq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpayoq.md)

(n) A
powerful person, powerful one. [ANON1] *Compare*, [sinchi](https://incaglossary.com/s/sinchi.md).

## [kamak, kamaq, camac](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamak.md)

(n) The supreme creative principle in Andean cosmology;
i.e., [Pachakamak](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachacamac.md)
is the creator of the world. [KOAK] A
lord; god. [RS] The
creation or bringing of order. [PSPM]

## [kamakuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamakuy.md)

(v) Come
into being. [TLD]

## [kamalonga](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamalonga.md)

*See*, [camalonga](https://incaglossary.com/c/camalonga.md).

## [kamasqa, ccamasca](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamasqa.md)

(n) A unique type of priest who receives the [Kurak Akulliq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kurakakulliqa.md)
initiation ([fourth level](https://incaglossary.com/fg/fourthlevel.md))
directly from [Wiracocha](https://incaglossary.com/w/wiracocha.md).
 [RS]
[QNO] Curing
power was acquired in a vision or by making an unusually quick recovery
from severe illness. They acquired their knowledge through supernatural
secrets and methods taught by members of the same family, practicing
their healing arts with the common people. They were men and women who
never tried to cure without making offerings and sacrifices to the
gods. [MHP] An Andean [shaman-priest](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md) who received fourth-level
kurak akulliq initiation directly from Wiracocha or an [Apu](https://incaglossary.com/a/apu.md); in [Qhapaq Simi](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qhapaqsimi.md), kamasqa
is the animating essence or force that gives life. [ANON1]

## [kamay, camay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamay.md)

(v) (1) To spray a fine mist from the mouth of florida water by
the Andean [shaman](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md)
in order to clear energy or to summon or inform; used to call or
dispel. You can also use it in sending your spirit out. To kamay
is
to breathe life into, to invoke, usually done with oral spraying of
florida water or alcohol. [ES]
(2) To rule; to reign; to grasp; to take hold of; to create; to order;
to govern; to command; to create. [RS] Create,
be responsible. [TLD] (n) (1) In
the teachings of the South American shamans is the practice of kamay,
breathing unity into something, restoring balance. There is nothing
complicated or difficult about this process, and it is crucial to all
types of healing. [JP]
The practice relies on the connection between all living things. [ES]
(2)
A
creative, vitalizing force frequently associated with running water.
Sacred mountains were thought to be infused with an energizing force
linked to the flow of water through springs and streams. [Huacas](https://incaglossary.com/h/huaca.md)
were animated through the circulation of running water and the pouring
of libations. Excavated sediments from the larger canals in the Putuni
sector [near [Tiwanako](https://incaglossary.com/t/tiwanako.md)]
were found to contain traces of elaborate ritual deposits, including
pieces of sheet gold, fragments of sodalite and lapis lazuli, and large
chunks of partially worked obsidian. Therefore, water circulating
through the Putuni canals may have been intended to imbue the area and
its inhabitants with kamay. [TAI] (3)
Duty, obligation. [TLD] *See*, [ch'alla](https://incaglossary.com/ch/challa.md) for photo.

## [kamayoq, camayoq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamayoq.md)

(n) (1) A shamanic level in which [Pachamama](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachamama.md)
becomes your [mesa](https://incaglossary.com/m/mesa.md);
derived from [kamay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kamay.md),
the kamayoq has mastered form and no longer needs a mesa. Kamayoqs have
 [medicine](https://incaglossary.com/m/medicine.md)
of the left, of the magical. It is a way of being when you are able to
regain your luminous nature. [JLH]

(*See*,
 [mesayoq](https://incaglossary.com/m/mesayoq.md).)
(2) Guard; watchman; spokesman. [RS]
Author. [WAO]
“He
with command,” a title given to many types of Inca officials. [CSCR]
A specialist. [SLI]

## [kananga, cananga](https://incaglossary.com/k/kananga.md)

(n) (1) A cologne based on a foundation of
the essential oil of ylang ylang. Kananga water, like [florida water](https://incaglossary.com/a/aguaflorida.md), is used
in various rituals including spiritual cleaning, and appeasing the
spirits of the dead. Its use is particularly common among people of the
African diaspora. [WIKI] Used for
cleansing the [subtle energy](https://incaglossary.com/s/subtleenergy.md). [JLH] The red
perfume that symbolizes the purifying fire of Purgatory used in
exorcisms. [WOFW]   (2)
 *Cananga
odorata* is a tree
valued for its perfume. The essential oil derived from the flowers is
used in aromatherapy. [WIKI]

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/kananga.jpg — Kananga blossoms.

## [kanchai, kanchay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kanchai.md)

*See*,
 [k'anchay](https://incaglossary.com/k-prime/kanchay.md).

## [kanku](https://incaglossary.com/k/kanku.md)

(n) The elongation of the [energy center](https://incaglossary.com/e/energycenter.md)
outward to the [poqp'o](https://incaglossary.com/p/poqpo.md);
opening of the three energy centers, like long bell-like flower. The
kanku is an antenna. [JLH]

## [kantuta](https://incaglossary.com/k/kantuta.md)

*See*,
 [qantu](https://incaglossary.com/q/qantu.md).

## [kañu hucha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kanu-hucha.md)

Languages: AYM

(n) Literally, *dirty,
filthy sin*.
Dishonesty. [ASD] *See*,
 [hucha](https://incaglossary.com/h/hucha.md).

## [kapak, kapaq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kapak.md)

*See*,
 [qhapaq](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qhapaq.md).

## [kapilla](https://incaglossary.com/k/kapilla.md)

(n) Shrine. [QP]

## [kapukiri](https://incaglossary.com/k/kapukiri.md)

, kapuri,
kaupuri [Amaz]: (n) The word comes from archaic Quechua *kiri,* meaning
that which stinks. (1) A substance that comes from rotting leaves, that
is almost like a dark brown vapor. It is that which has decomposed from
living things in order to give strength to other lives. There are
beings which inhale these substances. Evil [shamans](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md) use it to
bring harm. (2) The disease believed to be caused by this substance. It
is cured by means of the [icaro](https://incaglossary.com/i/icaro.md) del
kapukiri and the leaves of [catahua negra](https://incaglossary.com/c/catahua.md). If one
doesn't know the icaro, the patient will not heal. There are several
kinds of this disease. That produced by the [puka-lupuna](https://incaglossary.com/p/puka-lupuna.md), the [ajosquiro](https://incaglossary.com/a/ajosquiro.md), the
catahua negra, and the [huairacaspi](https://incaglossary.com/h/huairacaspi.md). It is
considered very powerful lowland magic. (*See*, each term
for a description of its particular form of kapukiri.) All these trees
are very rigid regarding their cleanliness, and they punish those
persons that mock them. One should not urinate nor defecate on their
leaves. One should not use their leaves as paper to clean oneself. One
should not play with the leaves, nor cut these trees for the mere sake
of it, nor should one use them as lumber. These trees are generating
substances that other beings use as their nourishment. If one urinates
and defecates on the tree, the tree will then emit something harmful to
these beings. That is the reason they are very defensive.  [AYV]

## [kaqch'a](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaqcha.md)

kaq'cha, kakcha: (adj) Blinded or stupefied by a brilliant light; in
mystical terms this light usually refers to the light or living energy
of anothers' soul. [RS] (n)
The state of being blinded or stupefied by a brilliant light.  In
mystical terms this light usually refers to the light or living energy
of another's soul. [QNO]
[ANON1]

## [kaq'lla](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaqlla.md)

*See*,
qhaqya

## [karaka](https://incaglossary.com/k/karaka.md)

*See*,
 [curaca](https://incaglossary.com/c/curaca.md).

## [karkay unccoy](https://incaglossary.com/k/karkay-unccoy.md)

(n)
Asthma. [DYE]

## [karma](https://incaglossary.com/k/karma.md)

Languages: Sanskrit

(n) This is the machinery through which Divine Intelligence
works. [DCGB]
The total effect of a person's actions and conduct during the
successive phases of the person's existence, regarded as determining
the person's destiny. [DRC]

## [karpay](https://incaglossary.com/k/karpay.md)

(n) Energy initiation or transmission; rite of passage. Gift of the
power of the ancient lineage. [RS]
[KOAK]
Transmission or initiation; rite of passage; coronation or crowning. [ANON1] (*See*, [hatun karpay](https://incaglossary.com/h/hatun-karpay.md).)

## [kasaraku](https://incaglossary.com/k/kasaraku.md)

(n) Wedding (sp.). [PSL]

## [kasarakuqmasi](https://incaglossary.com/k/kasarakuqmasi.md)

(n) Fiancé, fiancée (sp). [QP]

## [kasarakuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kasarakuy.md)

(v) To get married. (n) Wedding (sp.). [PSL]

## [kastillasimi](https://incaglossary.com/k/kastillasimi.md)

(n) Castillian Spanish. [QP]

## [kat'a](https://incaglossary.com/k/kata.md)

Languages: AYM

(n) Dawn. [ASD]

## [katachillay](https://incaglossary.com/k/katachillay.md)

(n) Southern Cross.

## [Katoylla](https://incaglossary.com/k/katoylla.md)

See,
[Illapa](https://incaglossary.com/i/illapa.md).

## [katziboréri](https://incaglossary.com/k/katziboreri.md)

Languages: Amaz

(n) [Sorcerer](https://incaglossary.com/s/sorcerer.md),
wizard, [curandero](https://incaglossary.com/c/curandero.md).
 A general ethnic medical practitioner. [THIM]
(*See*,
 [shirimpiáre](https://incaglossary.com/s/shirimpiare.md).)

## [kausay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kausay.md)

*See*,
 [kawsay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay.md).

## [kawak](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawak.md)

*See*,
 [qhawaq](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qhawaq.md).

## [kawal](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawal.md)

(adj) Perfect. [RS]

## [kaway](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaway.md)

*See*,
 [qhaway](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qhaway.md).

## [kawiri](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawiri.md)

(n) A
lookout. [DYE] *See*,
 [qhawaq](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qhawaq.md).

## [kawsachun](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsachun.md)

(phrase) *Live
long! Viva!*
 “Kawsachun Peru” would mean *Long
live Peru*.

## [kawsay, kausay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay.md)

(n) Life force, energy that animates the universe: it comes
from the collective, from genetics and from spiritual energy. [Sami](https://incaglossary.com/s/sami.md)
and [hucha](https://incaglossary.com/h/hucha.md)
are its two manifestations. Life. Everything is energy; one of the
major organizing principles. The energy that permeates all of Creation
on various vibrational levels. (*See*,
 [saiwa](https://incaglossary.com/s/saiwa.md), [munay](https://incaglossary.com/m/munay.md), [nuna](https://incaglossary.com/n/nuna.md), [chekak](https://incaglossary.com/ch/cheqak.md),
 [yuya](https://incaglossary.com/y/yuya.md), [ch'ulla](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chulla.md), [kallari](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallari.md).)
 [RS]
[KOAK] [JLH] [IGMP]
Much like chi, kawsay permeates all things in the living universe.
Kawsay feels warm dense, and magnetic, and is comparable to
gravitational energy in that its essence draws you to the Earth. It is
used to heal physical illnesses as well as material conditions in one's
life. Maintaining an [energy body](https://incaglossary.com/l/luminousbody.md)
replete with kawsay is deemed indispensable in shamanic preventive
medicine. [PSPM]  (v)
To live. [ANON1]

## [kawsay kanchai](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay-kanchai.md)

(n) Light. It feeds the luminous and physical bodies. [JLH]

## [kawsaykuna](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsaykuna.md)

(n) Food; seed. [RS]

## [kawsay pacha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay-pacha.md)

(n) Energy in time and space; creative life force of [Pachamama](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachamama.md),
feeds the physical body. World of life; the world of living energies;
the energy universe. [RS]
[KOAK]
Nature. [QP]
The realm of all living energies; the mystical equivalent of a *biosphere*
of the universe. [ANON1]

## [kawsay poq'po](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay-poqpo.md)

(n) The bubble of living energy around a human, plant,
animal, town, mountain, or nature being. [RS] (*See*,
 [poq'po](https://incaglossary.com/p/poqpo.md).)

## [kawsay wayra](https://incaglossary.com/k/kawsay-wayra.md)

(n)
Air, feeds the physical body; brings heaven and earth together. [JLH]

(*See*,
 [wayra](https://incaglossary.com/w/wayra.md).)

## [kay, cay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kay.md)

(v) To be, to exist.[PSPM] To mean; to have. [RS] (n) This. [PSPM]

## [kaya](https://incaglossary.com/k/kay-2.md)

(n) Symbol of lightning, [wiracocha](https://incaglossary.com/w/wiracocha.md),
number one in numerology. [JLH]

## [kayao](https://incaglossary.com/k/kayao.md)

(n) (1) Tertiary ceke of the cursory outcomes of energy congruent with
nature: e.g., fruition, seeds, firewood. Smallest, at the individual
level, application, form. (2) A term for categorizing the importance of
things, in this case, least. (*See*,
 [Appendix F](https://incaglossary.com/appendix/f), [huaca](https://incaglossary.com/h/huaca.md),
 [kollana](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollana.md)
and [payan](https://incaglossary.com/p/payan.md).)
 [JLH]

## [Kaypacha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaypacha.md)

(n) (1) This world. (2) The current age; present era. (3) The world of
material consciousness. (4) The middle world, filled with both heavy
and refined living energies, typically symbolized by the puma; this
physical world. [RS]
Our world is a manifestation of another reality that exists in the
Cosmos. This is the place where we remember who we are. (*See*, [taripay pacha](https://incaglossary.com/t/taripaypacha.md).) The Kaypacha is
interconnected with the different worlds of vibration and energy. We
are here to experience, not to judge. This is the world of the [puma](https://incaglossary.com/p/puma.md). Different realities exist within this
middle world of experience. [IGMP] In the
highlands of Ecuador, the Kaypacha and [Ukhupacha](https://incaglossary.com/u/ukhupacha.md)
are regarded as mirror images. [ACES] It was
here, on the surface of the Earth, that the sun's light and the damp
soil created an environment in which the implanted seed could grow. It
was here that the encounter between male and female engendered a new
generation. It was here also that *forasteros* (outsiders) and
natives met and confronted the changes produced by their meeting. This
encounter was called [tinku](https://incaglossary.com/t/tinku.md), the
dialectical and generative power of creation. Here the dialectical
forces come together (sometimes violently) to create new life,
biological as well as social. [GOL] The
Quechua word *kay* means *to
be*, *to
exist*, and *this*. It is the
world we are born into, having a linear space/time quality to its
lessons and is the collective, multi-sensorial experience of humanity.
It also includes realms that exist beyond these ordinary states,
containing both seen and unseen sources of guidance for shaping our
world. Inhabitants, both seen and unseen, are always present to
instruct us in learning how to interpret Spirit in the form of
underlying symbolism and universal patterns. [PSPM] This
world, the realm of consensus reality; rather than being simply the
material world, the kaypacha is physical reality and *how
we perceive it* and also
includes many unseen spiritual forces that reside here with us (for
example, the [awki](https://incaglossary.com/a/awki.md)kuna, [mallki](https://incaglossary.com/m/mallki.md)kuna, etc.); presided over by the Puma
and [Otorongo](https://incaglossary.com/o/otorongo.md), who are the masters of
operating in this world; associated attribute is [llank'ay](https://incaglossary.com/ll/llankay.md), or sacred
industriousness. [ANON1]

---

**The
multiple levels and visionary experiences of this highly animated
cosmos seem to have been created in order to initiate individuals into
a reality that mirrors their own divinity. The kaypacha is a supreme
opportunity for the soul to learn about itself, others, the universe,
and the creative source/force that speaks through them. The kaypacha
has also been referred to as the realm of humanity's hypnotic slumber
and the domain of the otorongo achachi, or grandfather jaguar, and [choquechinchay](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chocachinchay.md), or puma.** [PSPM]

---

## [kaypachiswaychis](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaypachiswaychis.md)

(phrase) *Empower
us, give us strength, vision, everything we need to propel us into
manifestation. Burst us forth from our cocoon.* [JLH]

## [kaypai](https://incaglossary.com/k/kaypai.md)

*See*, [kallpay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kallpay.md).

## [kente](https://incaglossary.com/k/kente.md)

*See*,
 [q'enti](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qenti.md).

## [Kechwa](https://incaglossary.com/k/kechwa.md)

*See*, [Quechua](https://incaglossary.com/q/quechua-quichua.md).

## [kero](https://incaglossary.com/k/kero.md)

*See*,
 [q'ero](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qero.md).

## [kilki](https://incaglossary.com/k/kilki.md)

*See*, *killki*,
below.

## [killa](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa.md)

(n) Month; moon; the female living energy or consciousness of the moon,
often referred to as [Mama Killa](https://incaglossary.com/m/mamakilla.md),
mother moon. [RS]

## [killa chinkay](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-chinkay.md)

(n) moon on the wane. [RS]

## [killa hunt'a](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-hunta.md)

(n) Full moon. [RS]

## [killa hunt'asqa](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-huntasqa.md)

(n) Full moon. [RS]

## [killa nanay](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-nanay.md)

(n) Menstruation. [RS]

## [killap himpun](https://incaglossary.com/k/killap-himpun.md)

(n) Moonlight. [RS]

## [killapura](https://incaglossary.com/k/killapura.md)

(n) Full moon. [RS]

## [killa p'unchaw](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-punchaw.md)

(n) Moonlight. [RS]

## [Killarumiyoc, Quillarumiyoq](https://incaglossary.com/k/killarumiyoc.md)

(n) Literally, *stone of the
moon*. A sacred site near [Cusco](https://incaglossary.com/c/cusco.md).
The whole area is 5000 sq. meters, much of which was buried some time
ago by an avalanche. The site consists of the following: a huge terrace
system done in the same style as [Sacsahuaman](https://incaglossary.com/s/sacsahuaman.md),
Chinchero and the upper parts of Ollantaytambo; a precise and
intricately carved symbol on one of the larger rocks; an *echo stone*
or small replica of one of the [apus](https://incaglossary.com/a/apu.md) which
shadow the site; a cave that at one time was completely lined with
carved stones that fit together perfectly without the use of mortar. [PKC]

---

**Most
Andean ceremonies are performed at noon when the sun, [Inti](https://incaglossary.com/i/inti.md),
is at its zenith. However, those that honor the moon, killa, occur at
night and often during the full moon. In contrast to [Incan](https://incaglossary.com/i/inca.md) sun temples, usually grand structures of huge precision-cut stone
blocks [***see***,[Qoricancha](https://incaglossary.com/q/qoricancha.md)],
those to the moon are in natural stone formations or in caves.
Killarumiyoc, above Cusco, is an immense rock outcropping set in the
center of a large field as if it fell from the sky.** [ACAI]

---

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/killarumiyoc.jpg — Principal [huaca](https://incaglossary.com/h/huaca.md) at Killarumiyoc with carved area symbolizing radiating light and the moon. [ACAI]
- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/killarumiyoc2.jpg — Cave above Killarumiyoc.

## [killa wañuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-wanuy.md)

(n) New moon; lunar eclipse. [RS]

## [killa wañuy mit'a](https://incaglossary.com/k/killa-wanuy-mita.md)

(n) Period of new moon. [RS]

## [killka](https://incaglossary.com/k/killka.md)

*See*, [qillqa](https://incaglossary.com/q/qillqa.md).

## [killki, kilki](https://incaglossary.com/k/killki.md)

(n) Angel. [RS]
High-vibration, transdimensional spirit being. [ANON1] Elemental,
fairy; keeper of the [huacas](https://incaglossary.com/h/huaca.md).  [JLH]

## [Killo-runa](https://incaglossary.com/k/killo-runa.md)

(n) The anthropomorphization of the [murui-huaira](https://incaglossary.com/m/murui-huaira.md),
also known as the Golden Man. [AYV]

## [Kimat](https://incaglossary.com/k/kimat.md)

(n) A nymph, the queen of the underwater world who is called upon by [curanderos](https://incaglossary.com/c/curandero.md)
as a defense against evil [sorcerers](https://incaglossary.com/s/sorcerer.md).
It is said that when she emerges, tremendous tempests are produced. She
rides upon the back of the pambamuri.
 [AYV]

## [king vulture](https://incaglossary.com/k/king-vulture.md)

*See*, [condor](https://incaglossary.com/c/condor.md).

## [Kinsa Intikuna](https://incaglossary.com/k/kinsaintikuna.md)

(n) The
Three Suns; the understanding of the existence and alignment of three
solar principles: [Ukhupacha](https://incaglossary.com/u/ukhupacha.md) [Inti Tayta](https://incaglossary.com/i/intitayta.md) (one's inner Sun or particular
embodiment of the solar principle, an inner sun seen as located in the
brow, the solar plexus, or the heart, depending on the tradition) [*see*, rupay], *Kaypacha*
Inti Tayta (the Sun of this world, the sun of our solar system)(*see*, kaypacha, above), and [Hanaqpacha](https://incaglossary.com/h/hanaqpacha.md) Inti Tayta (the Sun of the
superior realm). [ANON1]

## [kinti](https://incaglossary.com/k/kinti.md)

*See*.
 [q'enti](https://incaglossary.com/q-prime/qenti.md).

## [kintu, kintui](https://incaglossary.com/k/kintu.md)

*See*,
 [k'intu](https://incaglossary.com/k-prime/kintu.md).

## [kipu](https://incaglossary.com/k/kipu.md)

*See*,
 [quipu](https://incaglossary.com/q/quipu.md).

## [kisuar](https://incaglossary.com/k/kisuar.md)

,
kiswar (Quechua), kiswara (AYM), quisoar (Span), quishuara, colle: (n)
A sacred tree. [JLH]
*Buddleia incana*. Indians use an infusion of the
terminal branches to expel viscose and cold humours. Crushed, mixed
with urine and heated over a fire, the same part of the plant is used
as a cataplasm to relieve aching molars; it is applied internally and
externally. Some people employ the buds to colour food. [REPC] The leaves
are used in folk medicine against toothache and as diuretic. [WIKI]

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/kisuar.jpg — Kiswar. [WIKI]

## [Kiswarkancha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kiswarkancha.md)

(n) [Wiracocha Inca's](https://incaglossary.com/w/wiracochainca.md) palace in [Cusco](https://incaglossary.com/c/cusco.md). Literally, *corral of the sacred
tree*. [RS] *See*, [kisuar](https://incaglossary.com/k/kisuar.md).

## [Koa, K'owa, Ccoa, Qoa](https://incaglossary.com/k/koa.md)

(n) Being from the fifth world with feline features, glowing eyes from
which come lightning bolts. Represented in the [mesa](https://incaglossary.com/m/mesa.md)
by ocelot fur. [JLH]
Cat of the [apu](https://incaglossary.com/a/apu.md), the harbinger of hail and
lightning. [ACES]
To the present day, Andean peasants consider the hail-cat (Ccoa), seen
with hail running out of his eyes, a beast to be reckoned with. [SIMA] (*See*,
 [chocachinchay](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chocachinchay.md).)
One of the three classes of spirits associated with the Andean [shaman](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md)'s practice. (*See*, [awki](https://incaglossary.com/a/awki.md) and [gentiles](https://incaglossary.com/fg/gentiles.md).)
Striped cats, whose phosphorescent eyes emit hail. The koa selects the
shaman and gives him power by striking him with lightning. These are
the main tutelary spirits of the [pampamesayoq](https://incaglossary.com/p/pampamesayoq.md). [WOFW]

## [kochutha](https://incaglossary.com/k/kochutha.md)

Languages: AYM

(v) Sing. [ASD]

## [Kolla, Qulla](https://incaglossary.com/k/kolla.md)

(n) Aymara. [RS]
(*See*,
 [Kollasuyu](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollasuyu.md).)

## [Kollahuaya, Qollahuaya, Kallawaya, Callawaya](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollahuaya.md)

(n) (1) Province of [Antisuyu](https://incaglossary.com/a/antisuyu.md)
(now in Bolivia), whose inhabitants are crafty herbalists. [RS]
(2) On the Bolivian side of [Lake Titicaca](https://incaglossary.com/l/laketiticaca.md), the high Andes are the home of the extraordinary lineage
of healers known as the Kollahuayas. They were the doctors to the [Inca](https://incaglossary.com/i/inca.md) kings and ruling class. For thousands of
years they have traveled throughout South America healing and gathering
knowledge of herbs and ceremony. The Kollahuayas are able to see into
the patterns of many aspects of life, such as work, worship, health and
relationships; where there is imbalance they can repattern through the
focus of ceremony. [SHC]
Special healers from the region of Charazani in Bolivia who are known
for their great knowledge of the healing power of herbs and their
extensive travel to perform healings. Kollahuaya means *the
one who carries the [medicine](https://incaglossary.com/m/medicine.md).* [IGMP]
(*See*,
 [Kolla](https://incaglossary.com/k/kolla.md).)

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/droppedImage-442.jpg

## [kollana](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollana.md)

(n) (1) Primary [cekes](https://incaglossary.com/c/ceke.md);
sacred code of information; the innate program of the creation of
existence. Connected to major cities and mountains. (2) A term for
categorizing the importance of things, in this case greatest. (*See*,
 [Appendix F](https://incaglossary.com/appendix/f), [huaca](https://incaglossary.com/h/huaca.md),
 [payan](https://incaglossary.com/p/payan.md)
and [kayao](https://incaglossary.com/k/kayao.md).)
 [JLH]

## [kollari](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollari.md)

(n) *See*,
 [collari](https://incaglossary.com/c/collari.md).

## [Kollasuyu, Collasuyu, Qollasuyu](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollasuyu.md)

(n) The southeast and largest quadrant of the
Inca empire, encompassing the entire [Lake Titicaca](https://incaglossary.com/l/laketiticaca.md)
Basin of modern Bolivia and Peru and the Atacama Desert of northern
Chile. From [Cusco](https://incaglossary.com/c/cusco.md)
in the northwest, it stretched south beyond modern Santiago in Chile.
Its eastern and western limits were the jungles of southern Amazon
drainage, the high pampas of northern Argentina and the Pacific Ocean. [MAN]
Mythically, it has to do with emergence, awakening, return to source of
creation.
Winged beings with lightning bolts.
Fly, journey, return home with the vision. Corresponds to East
direction of a [medicine wheel](https://incaglossary.com/m/medicinewheel.md). [JLH]
The
southern quadrant of the Inca Empire created when the [Inca](https://incaglossary.com/i/inca.md) conquered the [Aymara](https://incaglossary.com/a/aymara.md)-speaking
Kolla and Lupuka chiefdoms and significantly reorganized their
political structure, economy, and settlement pattern. The Inca
successfully harnessed the immense productive potential of agriculture
and pastoralism in the Titicaca Basin to make Kollasuyu the empire's
wealthiest province. [TAI]
It means *the
nation of the* *[medicine](https://incaglossary.com/m/medicine.md)*.
 [IGMP] *See*,
 [Tawantinsuyu](https://incaglossary.com/t/tawantinsuyu.md),
 [Kollahuaya](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollahuaya.md),

[kolla](https://incaglossary.com/k/kolla.md).

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/droppedImage-452.jpg

## [kollyor](https://incaglossary.com/k/kollyor.md)

*See*,
 [qoyllur](https://incaglossary.com/q/qoyllur.md).

## [Kon](https://incaglossary.com/k/kon.md)

*See*,
 [Con](https://incaglossary.com/c/con.md).

## [kon, kun](https://incaglossary.com/k/kon-2.md)

Thunderstone. [SIMA] See,
 [Con](https://incaglossary.com/c/con.md).

## [konti, kunti, qonti](https://incaglossary.com/k/konti.md)

(v) To reset. [RS]
The setting sun; the dusk aspect of [Inti](https://incaglossary.com/i/inti.md). [ANON1]

## [Kon Ticci Wiracocha Pachacamak](https://incaglossary.com/k/kon-ticci-wiracocha-pachacamak.md)

(n) The
orderless polytheism of the empire was no minor preoccupation in the
minds of some of the [Incas](https://incaglossary.com/s/sapainca.md). [Pachacuti](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachacuti.md) was so sad to find in every
land he had visited such a diversity of sects, beliefs and worship that
he held a conclave at the Temple of the Sun [[Qoricancha](https://incaglossary.com/q/qoricancha.md)]
in [Cusco](https://incaglossary.com/c/cusco.md) and the most important priests
and magicians of the empire were present. The Sun [[Inti](https://incaglossary.com/i/inti.md)], the Thunderbolt [[Illapa](https://incaglossary.com/i/illapa.md)], the Mother Earth [[Pachamama](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachamama.md)] and other heavenly bodies, in
this specific order, were to constitute the highest deities. Before
this was to be consecrated as dogma, the Inca spoke strongly against
the Sun. As emperor, he said, the Inca could do as he pleased. But not
the sun. The brilliant king of the sky could never change its course
and was bound to unvarying rules which he could not avoid or modify.
Man had to accept therefore that there must be an invisible almighty
authority who overruled all the heavenly bodies. Kon Ticci [Wiracocha](https://incaglossary.com/w/wiracocha.md) [Pachacamac](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachacamac.md)
(a name of compromise between the different regional traditions) was
the invisible creator of all the universe. This resulted in the
construction of a Temple to the God of Gods a few blocks away from the
Temple of the Sun [Qoricancha]. The present Catholic Cathedral of Cusco
is built upon the Temple of Wiracocha. A secondary church, the temple
of Santo Domingo was built upon the Temple of the Sun. [DYE]

## [Kontiki](https://incaglossary.com/k/kontiki.md)

The name
of a divinity. *[Kon](https://incaglossary.com/c/con.md)*, meaning *Divine
Energy*, and *Tiki*, meaning *Earth
Energy*. The name
signifies the connection of the two energies. *Kon* is the
Cosmic Gatherer energy and *Tiki* is the
Cosmic Mother energy. [IGMP] Tiki is a
fertility God who appears in South Pacific mythology. Tiki is the first
man and is strongly associated with the origin of the procreative act. [WIKI] (*See*, [tiqsi](https://incaglossary.com/t/tiqsi.md).)

## [Kontisuyu](https://incaglossary.com/k/kontisuyu.md)

(n) The southwest and smallest quarter of the [Inca](https://incaglossary.com/i/inca.md)
empire comprised a triangular region whose borders diverged from a
point in [Cusco](https://incaglossary.com/c/cusco.md) to points in the Pacific
coast in modern central and southwestern Peru. [MAN]
Mythically, it is the ability to adapt, reset, undergo and comprises
the South direction on a medicine wheel. [JLH]
West.
 [ROR] (*See*,
 [Tawantinsuyu](https://incaglossary.com/t/tawantinsuyu.md), [konti](https://incaglossary.com/k/kontisuyu.md).)

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/droppedImage-462.jpg

## [koro-kallu](https://incaglossary.com/k/koro-kallu.md)

(n) He
who does not know or cannot speak. Derives from *koroni* (amputate)
and *kallu* (tongue). [DYE]

## [kuchuna](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuchuna.md)

(n) [Possibly from Spanish *cuchillo* = knife.] Knife; shears;
scissors. [RS] Sharpened
 [condor](https://incaglossary.com/c/condor.md) or [llama](https://incaglossary.com/ll/llama.md) bone used for ceremonial cutting.
 [SAI]
(*See*,
 [napa](https://incaglossary.com/n/napa.md).)

## [kuchuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuchuy.md)

(v) To cut. [QP]

## [Kuelap, Cuélap](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuelap.md)

(n) A fortress associated with the [Chachapoyas](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chachapoyas.md)
culture consisting of massive exterior stone walls containing more than
four hundred buildings. The structure, situated on a ridge overlooking
the Utcubamba Valley, is roughly 600 meters in length and 110 meters in
width.

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/kuelap1.png — The outer wall of the fortress of Kuelap.
- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/kuelap2.jpg — A restored hut at Kuelap showing distinctive Chachapoyan stonework.
- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/kuelap3.jpg — Close-up of stonework embellishment.

## [kuka](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuka.md)

*See*,
 [coca](https://incaglossary.com/c/coca.md).

## [kuka mukkllu](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuka-mukkllu.md)

*See*,
 [coca mukllu](https://incaglossary.com/c/cocamukllu.md).

## [kuku](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuku.md)

(n) Ghost, spirit. [PSL]

## [kukuchi](https://incaglossary.com/k/kukuchi.md)

(n) Dead people that must do penance. [ROR]
(*See*,
 [susuwa](https://incaglossary.com/s/susuwa.md).)

## [kulli](https://incaglossary.com/k/kulli.md)

(adj) Purple; dark purple. [RS]

## [kulli chunpi](https://incaglossary.com/k/kulli-chunpi.md)

*See*, [chunpi](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chunpi.md).

## [kumaraña](https://incaglossary.com/k/kumarana.md)

Languages: AYM

(n) Health. [ASD]

## [-kuna](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuna.md)

A suffix that makes the noun plural.

## [kunka](https://incaglossary.com/k/kunka.md)

(n) Throat. [RS]

## [kunka ñawi](https://incaglossary.com/k/kunka-nawi.md)

*See*, [chunpi](https://incaglossary.com/ch/chunpi.md).

## [kunphiyay](https://incaglossary.com/k/kunphiyay.md)

(v) To trust. [QP]

## [Kuntumamani](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuntumamani.md)

(n) Animistic representation of [Pachamama](https://incaglossary.com/p/pachamama.md).
 Also, the spirit of your house. [JLH]

(*See*,
 [mama](https://incaglossary.com/m/mama.md).)

## [kuntur](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuntur.md)

*See*, [condor](https://incaglossary.com/c/condor.md).

## [kura](https://incaglossary.com/k/kura.md)

(n) Priest. [QP]

## [kuraka](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuraka.md)

*See*,
 [curaca](https://incaglossary.com/c/curaca.md).

## [kurak, kuraq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kurak.md)

(n) Superior; elder. [RS]
Elder; don who knows the village history and [pachas](https://incaglossary.com/p/pacha.md).
 [JLH]

## [kurak akulliq, kuraz akulleq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kurakakulliqa.md)

(n) A [shaman](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md) who has completed physical
manifestation, has charted all her [pachas](https://incaglossary.com/p/pacha.md).
They are [shapeshifters](https://incaglossary.com/s/shapeshift.md); they have
separated from [ordinary reality](https://incaglossary.com/t/tonal.md) to hold
space; great chewer of [coca](https://incaglossary.com/c/coca.md) leaves, this
term refers to a [fourth level](https://incaglossary.com/fg/fourthlevel.md)
priest, currently the highest level of the [altomesayoc](https://incaglossary.com/a/altomesayoc.md) path. [RS]
[KOAK] The
kurak akulliq has become her [wayqi](https://incaglossary.com/w/wayqi.md). [JLH] In
 [curanderismo](https://incaglossary.com/c/curanderismo.md), the term
refers to the [curandero](https://incaglossary.com/c/curandero.md), who, through
the development of deep intimacy with both [campo ganadero](https://incaglossary.com/c/campoganadero.md) and [campo justiciero](https://incaglossary.com/c/campojusticiero.md), has attained the
highest level of [shamanic](https://incaglossary.com/s/shaman.md) mastery
currently attainable in the [paq'okuna](https://incaglossary.com/p/paqokuna.md)
tradition. [PSPM]

## [kurak junta](https://incaglossary.com/k/kurak-junta.md)

(n) High council (sp). [PSL]

## [kuri-toro](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuri-toro.md)

(n) From Quechua *qori*,
gold, and Spanish *toro*,
bull. The [icaro](https://incaglossary.com/i/icaro.md)
of this animal is used to cure [manchari](https://incaglossary.com/m/manchari.md).
In some instances the bull has become a substitute for the great snake
living in the bottom of lakes, but changing in character from a
ferocious monster into a beneficial golden animal. [AYV]

- Image: https://incaglossary.com/images/K_files/droppedImage-472.jpg

## [kurku](https://incaglossary.com/k/kurku.md)

(n) Body. [QP] The
physical [human] body. [PSPM]
*See*, runa kurku and [runa kurku k'anchay](https://incaglossary.com/r/runakurkukanchay.md).

## [kurus](https://incaglossary.com/k/kurus.md)

(n) Cross. [Possibly from Spanish *cruz*, which means *cross*.][QP]

## [kusa](https://incaglossary.com/k/kusa.md)

(interj) Nice, right. [QP]

## [kusa kusa](https://incaglossary.com/k/kusa-kusa.md)

(adj) Marvelous, wonderful. [QP]

## [kusi](https://incaglossary.com/k/kusi.md)

(n) Happiness. [PSL]

## [kusikuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kusikuy.md)

(v) To be happy, have fun. [PSL]
[QP]

## [kusisqa](https://incaglossary.com/k/kusisqa.md)

(adj) Happy. [PSL]
[QP]

## [kuska](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuska.md)

(adv) Side by side, together. [QP]

## [kuskachakuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuskachakuy.md)

(v) To join. [QP]

## [kuti](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuti.md)

(n) (1) A returning, turning over, setting right. [AVO] (2) A
turn, a moment. [DQ].
Turn, circular movement, rotation, revolution; “times” in the
mathematical sense (e.g., tawa cuti means “four times”). [ANON1] An
occasion. [RS]

## [kutichiy, cutipar](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutichiy.md)

(v) To answer; to send back; to give back; to return
something; to make return. [RS]
(n) (1) A process of [recapitulation](https://incaglossary.com/r/recapitulation.md)
whereby you locate and send back all of the energy to the people with
whom you have had relationships, continuing until you are left with
only your inner self. This is followed by a kutichiy [despacho](https://incaglossary.com/d/despacho.md). [UNK] (2) In the
Quechua and Aymara world, kutichiy expresses a "contraoperation"
practiced to counteract the effects of [daño](https://incaglossary.com/d/dano.md).
Kutichiy is *restoration, return, answer*. In the Peruvian
Amazon, the term *cutipar* is used to refer to the reaction or
response of shamans, people, plants or animals to [daño](https://incaglossary.com/d/dano.md). In the Amazon, the cutipado takes three
forms, one of which, revenge, lies with the newborn son of the deceased
person. [ins.gob.pe]

## [kutichikuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutichikuy.md)

(v) To defend oneself when attacked. [RS]

## [kuti despacho](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuti-despacho.md)

(n) A [despacho](https://incaglossary.com/d/despacho.md) used for direct [sorceric](https://incaglossary.com/s/sorcerer.md) attack. It has a circular energetic action that deflects the assailing disruptive energies and has a cleansing function as well. (*See*, [Appendix J](https://incaglossary.com/appendix/j), [wiska despacho](https://incaglossary.com/w/wiskadespacho.md) and [kuti](https://incaglossary.com/k/kuti.md).) [JLH]

## [kutimunaykama](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutimunaykama.md)

(phrase) See you when I come back. [RS]

## [kutipuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutipuy.md)

(v) To become. [PSL]

## [kutirikuq](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutirikuq.md)

(n) A convert to a new belief. [RS]

## [kutirikuy, kutirikapuy, kutiriy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutirikuy.md)

(v) To recover; to convalesce. [PSL]
[RS]

## [kutirimpuy](https://incaglossary.com/k/kutirimpuy.md)

(v) To be reborn. [RS]

## Sources

- **ACAI**: The Andean Codex, J.E. Williams
- **ACES**: *At the Crossroads of Earth and Sky*, Urton
- **ANON1**: anonymous donor 1. Click * for explanation.
- **ASD**: *Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara*
- **AVO**: my notes from Alberto Villoldo, various writings and lectures
- **AYV**: *Ayahuasca Visions,* Luna
- **CSCR**: *Cut Stones and Crossroads*, Wright
- **DCGB**: Deepak Chopra in *God and Buddha: a Dialogue* (DVD)
- **DQ**: *Diccionario Quechua*, Ladron
- **DRC**: dictionary.reference.com
- **DYE**: Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.
- **EFD**: encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com
- **ES**: Eric Sirotkin, *Sentient Times*
- **GOL**: *The Gift of Life*, Glass-Coffin.
- **HOI**: *History of the Incas,* Sarmiento de Gamboa
- **IGMP**: *Andean Awakening*, Delgado
- **JLH**: Jose Luis Herrera, various lectures
- **JP**: John Perkins, *The World Is As You Dream It*
- **KOAK**: *Keepers of the Ancient knowledge*, Wilcox
- **MAN**: *Mythology of the American Nations*, Jones and Molyneaux
- **MBE**: home.earthlink.net/~megbeeler
- **MHP**: Rios, *The Master Healer in Peru*, www.onirogenia.com/chamanismos/el-maestro-curandero-en-el-peru-historia-medicina-y-magia/
- **PKC**: www.poqenkanchay.com
- **PSL**: www.geocities.com/phillott/Bolivia/Dictionary02.htm  Bolivian Quechua
- **PSPM**: *Pachakuti Mesa*, Magee
- **QNO**: www.quechuanetwork.org
- **QP**: *Quechua Phrasebook* , Coronel-Molina
- **REPC**: *Ruiz as an Ethnopharmacologist in Peru and Chile, *Schultes [taxonomy accuracy questionable]
- **ROR**: *Rituals of Respect*, Bolin
- **RS**: runasimi.de
- **SAI**: *Secrets of the Ancient Incas*, Langevin
- **SHC**: www.sacredheritage.com/andean.html
- **SIMA**: *The Secret of the Incas: Myth, Astronomy, and the War Against Time, *Sullivan
- **SLI**: *Sacred Landscape of the Inca,* Bauer
- **TAI**: *Tiwanaku: Ancestors of the Inca,* Young-Sánchez
- **THIM**: *The Three Halves of Ino Moxo*
- **TLD**: *Tri-Lingual Dictionary*, Hornberger
- **UNK**: The original author's marker for an unknown / unattributed source.
- **WAO**: www.aymara.org/biblio/quechua.html
- **WIKI**: en.wikipedia.org (no www)
- **WOFW**: Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.
- **ins.gob.pe**: www. ins.gob.pe