TEXT SOURCES
Sources in this color refer to books. See bibliography.
Sources in this color are/were web sites.
- 2B = lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/peru/pe_glos.html#ayllu
- AAI = amazonartinstitute.com/id67.html
- AAO = www.ayahuascaassociation.org
- ABMP = Sounding Indigenous, Bigenho
- ACA = Ancient Civilizations of the Andes, Means
- ACAI = The Andean Codex, J.E. Williams
- ACES = At the Crossroads of Earth and Sky, Urton
- ADN = azarius.net
- AEAA = Astronomy and Empire in the Ancient Andes, Bauer and Dearborn
- AHC = www.amazonhub.com
- AHN = www.geocities.com/apiskui/huichol/nierika1.html
- AJD = American Journal of Dermatology and Genito-urinary Diseases, Ashmead
- AKP = The Ancient Kingdoms of Peru, Davies
- AMC = amazonmedicine.com
- AMH = www.amherst.k12.wi.us/userwebs/faculty/gorddebr/myths/Incacrea.html
- AMZ = amazon.com
- ANC = www.aphrodisiacsnatural.com/anibacanelilla.html
- ANON1 = anonymous donor 1. Click * for explanation.
- AP1 = Associated Press, 11/22/06 “Peruvian archaeologists excavate tombs”
- APC = awkipuma.com/en/somos_maestro.html
- AQGD = Ayacucho Quechua Grammar and Dictionary, Parker
- ARC = www.anniesremedy.com
- ASD = Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara
- AWC = ayahuaska.wordpress.com/
- AWW = A Woman's World, Bond
- AYV = Ayahuasca Visions, Luna
- AVO = my notes from Alberto Villoldo, various writings and lectures
- AWE = www.anthropology.wisc.edu
- BGH = www.crystalinks.com/bighorn.html
- BLC = Beyond the Lettered City, Rappaport and Cummins
- BNY = www.boletindenewyork.com/glavarello.oceanus....htm
- BOA = www.biopark.org
- BOC = bruceowen.com/contisuyo/VirtualMuseoE.html
- BRH = Boanerges, Harris
- CBV = larepublica.pe/blogs/andares/2013/05/01/el-codigo-blas-valera/
- CCDM = Carlos Castaneda, Details Magazine.
- CCPB = notes taken at the Phoenix Book Store with Carlos Castaneda
- CCVW = Carlos Castaneda, various books
- CDC = ceramicus.dunmarsh.com
- CDN = www.cusco.net
- CHAM = Chamalu, Luis Espinoza
- CHE = users.ap.net/~chenae/spirit.html
- CIPC = cipotato.org/
- CMPSL = Choquequirao to Machu Picchu at the speed of light, Lee
- COI = Conquest of the Incas, Hemming
- CPC = www.cusco-peru.com
- CPO = www.cusco-peru.org
- CPC = www.camayocperu.com/
- CSCR = Cut Stones and Crossroads, Wright
- CSK = www.commonsensekundalini.com/science_spirituality/centering-and-breathing.html
- DAJG = Diary of an Amazon Jungle Guide, Beaver.
- DCGB = Deepak Chopra in God and Buddha: a Dialogue (DVD)
- DCM = Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Zimmerman
- DCR = Domination and Cultural Resistance, Rasnake
- DIA = Deathing: An Intelligent Alternative for the Final Moments of Life, Foos-Graber
- DNS = Drum and Stethoscope, Bastien
- DPI = davidpratt.info/andes2.htm
- DQ = Diccionario Quechua, Ladron
- DRB = www.daemonraven.bravehost.com/inca.html
- DRC = dictionary.reference.com
- DUKE = www.ars-grin.gov/duke/syllabus/module8.htm
- EEC = www.enciclopediadelecuador.com
- EFD = encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com
- ELC = entheology.com
- EMA = Exploring Medical Anthropology, Joralemon
- EMM = www.ayahuasca-shamanism.co.uk/
- EMTW = www.taijiworld.com/
- EOG = Encyclopedia of the Gods, Jordan
- EOL = eol.org [Encyclopedia of Life]
- EOTI = Empire of the Inca, Brundage
- EPA = Preliminary Ethnobotany of the Peruvian Amazon, Bodley
- EPP = Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants, Rätsch
- ES = Eric Sirotkin, Sentient Times
- ETH = Eduardo the Healer, DVD
- EWO = en.wikipedia.org
- FACA = findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2603/is_0003/ai_2603000312
- FAE = www.fuerzasarmadasecuador.org/english/historia/reinoquitoatahualpa.htm
- FNCGG = The First New Chronicle and Good Government, Poma
- FOD = www.thefreedictionary.com
- FOG = Fingerprints of the Gods, Hancock
- FOP = Flora of Peru, MacBride
- FPRA = Food, Power, and Resistance in the Andes, Krögel
- GCA = www.geocities.com/andians/Gb.htm
- GCC = glossary.cassiopaea.com/glossary.php?id=397
- GM = www.gaiameditations.com
- GMP = Ghosts of Machu Picchu, Nova, PBS 2010 DVD
- GNO = Gnosis Magazine, John Perkins
- GOL = The Gift of Life, Glass-Coffin.
- GPA = El primer nueva coronica y buen gobierno, Poma de Ayala.
- GSC = The Gods and Social Change in the High Andes, Gow
- GVO = globalvoicesonline.org/2012/01/16/peru-capac-raymi-the-andean-christmas/
- HDP = www.hc09.dial.pipex.com
- HGP = Historia general del Peru, de Morua
- HIM = Handbook of Inca Mythology, Steele
- HOI = History of the Incas, Sarmiento de Gamboa
- HS1 = www.howstuffworks.com
- IAWS = Mythology, Illustrated Anthology of World Myth & Storytelling
- IBCN = Spiritual Encounters, Griffiths
- ICC = Inca Civilization in Cuzco, Zuidema
- ICHB = Inca Cosmology and the Human Body, Classen
- IEBJ = Initiation, Jenkins
- IGMP = Andean Awakening, Delgado
- IHC = indiaheals.blogspot.com
- IHT = www.iht.com/slideshows/2007/02/12/america/web.0212bolivia_SLIDE.php
- IMAX = IMAX - Amazon (DVD)
- INC = www.inkanatura.com/choquequirau.asp
- ins.gob.pe = www. ins.gob.pe
- IPC = www.infoplease.com
- IPT = www.iquitostimes.com/giant_armadillo.htm
- IPWY = Presence, the Inherence of the Prototype……, Shepherd
- IRC = Inca Religion and Customs, Cobo
- ITA = The Incas and their Ancestors, Moseley
- ITQ = Introduction to Quechua, Noble
- ISEM = www.ISSSEEM.org
- JAR = Journal of Anthropological Research
- JLH = Jose Luis Herrera, various lectures
- JNP = Juan Nunez del Prado
- JP = John Perkins, The World Is As You Dream It
- JQJ = www.jqjacobs.net/andes/cosmology.html
- KOAK = Keepers of the Ancient knowledge, Wilcox
- KVI = Kintui, Vision of the Incas, Ayani
- LAH = latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/theconquestofperu/p/09teocajas.htm
- LAT1 = Los Angeles Times, May 15, 2007
- LAT2 = Los Angeles Times, Nov. 16-18, 1999
- LCL = www.lithiccastinglab.com/gallery-pages/2002octoberconopapage1.htm
- LDC = www.labrynthina.com
- LPB = sites.google.com/site/lottphilipbolivia/Bolivian-Quechua-Dictionary
- LTO = library.thinkquest.org
- LUN = lynx.uio.no
- MAAM = Museo de Arqueología de Alta Montaña, http://maam.org.ar/
- MAN = Mythology of the American Nations, Jones and Molyneaux
- MAR = www.mc.maricopa.edu/~reffland/anthropology/anthro2003/archy/ aymara/inca.html
- MAY = mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071129085213AAemUWt
- MBE = home.earthlink.net/~megbeeler
- MDM = Myths, Dreams, and Mysteries, Eliade
- MGWP = The Mind Game, Torrey
- MHP = Rios, The Master Healer in Peru, www.onirogenia.com/chamanismos/el-maestro-curandero-en-el-peru-historia-medicina-y-magia/
- MJO = www.mythicjourneys.org
- MLN = www.magialuna.net
- MOC = Mountain of the Condor, Bastien
- MP = Magical Passes, Castañeda
- MPA = Medical Pluralism in the Andes, Koss-Chioino
- MPO = www.myperu.org
- MSIN = conference paper The Concept of Plants as Teachers among four Mestizo Shamans of Iquitos, Northeastern Perú, Luna
- MSNBC2-07 = MSNBC.com, Feb. 2007
- MSNBC7-13 = www.nbcnews.com/science/inca-child-sacrifices-were-drunk-stoned-weeks-death-6C10784197
- NCA = Nature and Culture in the Andes, Gade
- NCBI = www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10617066
- NCB2 = www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20152892
- NDC = www.nagual.com
- NFL = www.nflc.org/REACH/7ca/enCAInca.htm
- NGEO1 = National Geographic News, April 22, 2002
- NGEO2 = news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/04/0409_020417_machumap.html
- NGEO3 = National Geographic Magazine, May 2002
- NGEO4 = magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0206/feature5/index.html
- NGEO5 = National Geographic Magazine, November 1999
- NGEO6 = news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/09/090918-peru-tomb-moche-male-priestesses_2.html
- NGEO7 = National Geographic Magazine, April 1913
- NGEO8 = news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/07/130729-inca-mummy-maiden-sacrifice-coca-alcohol-drug-mountain-andes-children/
- NGM8 = ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/04/inca-empire/pringle-text/2
- NIH = National Institute of Health
- NMHI = The Natural and Moral History of the Indies, de Acosta
- NND = www.netnaturdoktoren.dk/ordbog.htm
- NPM = www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/peru/mummies/ high1.html
- NWFO = www.nwf.org/News-and-Magazines
- OCG = oncommonground.blogspot.com/2014/02/the-ayahuasca-diaries-transformation.html
- OCM = myweb.lmu.edu/snason/Research_and_Writing_files/Opposites, Contradictories, and Mediation for Web Page.pdf
- ODP = Origins of Domestication, etc., Emshwiller
- OMQ = Oscar Miro-Quesada, from his various writings.
- OT = oral transmission.
- OWJ = www.ourworldjourney.com/peru/
- PBS = www.pbs.org/opb/conquistadors/peru/adventure1/b2.htm
- PBS2 = www.pbs.org/opb/conquistadors/teachers/pdf/unit2.pdf
- PCO = incas.perucultural.org.pe
- PDA = Encantado: Pink Dolphin of the Amazon, Montgomery
- PDB = www.plantsdb.gr/en/
- PFU = plantsforuse.com
- PGO = Patt Grantham O’Neill, personal definitions I write when I cannot find a good one elsewhere.
- PKC = www.poqenkanchay.com
- PMO = www.pachamama.org
- POM = The Power of Myth, Campbell
- POP = Portals of Power, Langdon
- POS = Power of Silence, Castaneda
- PRM = Pilgrimage and Ritual Movement (paper)
- PSL = www.geocities.com/phillott/Bolivia/Dictionary02.htm Bolivian Quechua
- PSPM = Pachakuti Mesa, Magee
- PTC = psychotropia.co
- PTO = www.psychologytoday.com/blog/
- PUE = www-personal.umich.edu/~jlvoris/thesis.html
- PYS = Don Juan de Santa Cruz Pachacuti-Yamqui Salcamayhua
- QISLI = Q'ero: In Search of the Last of the Incas, Nava
- QNO = www.quechuanetwork.org
- QP = Quechua Phrasebook , Coronel-Molina
- QPAWN = qpawn.wikia.com/wiki/Inca_Empire
- RAVI = Religion in the Andes, McCormack
- REPC = Ruiz as an Ethnopharmacologist in Peru and Chile, Schultes [taxonomy accuracy questionable]
- RCL = Return of the Children of Light, Polich
- RDP = Raíces del Presente, Sebastiano.
- RFC = www.rainforestconservation.org
- RFD = rainforest-database.com
- RFRC = Ritual Feting and Religious Conversion in an Ancient Native American Empire, Mosely
- RHCD = Random House College Dictionary
- ROR = Rituals of Respect, Bolin
- RS = runasimi.de
- RSN = www.robertschoch.net/Mystery%20of%20Markawasi.htm
- RTR = releasethereality.com
- RTZ1 = www.colorado.edu/Conferences/pilgrimage/papers/Zuidema.html
- SAAO = www.saa.org/publications/saabulletin/17-2/SAA1.html
- SAI = Secrets of the Ancient Incas, Langevin
- SBC = www.spanish.sbc.edu
- SCCM = Sacred Contracts, Myss
- SCU = www.shamanism.co.uk
- SD = Shaman’s Drum, Winter 1996
- SDC = www.sciencedaily.com
- SEB = spiritualemergency.blogspot.com/2006/01/shamanism-schizophrenia.html
- SEES = Crowell's Spanish-English and English-Spanish Dictionary
- SHC = www.sacredheritage.com/andean.html
- SIH = The Shape of Inca History, Niles
- SIMA = The Secret of the Incas: Myth, Astronomy, and the War Against Time, Sullivan
- SIP = www.spanishinperu.com
- SLI = Sacred Landscape of the Inca, Bauer
- SOM = Stranger in Our Midst, Furst and Reed
- SPP = www.spiritpathperu.com/west/plants/ayahuaska.html
- SPRH = Symbolism and Physiology of Ritual Healing ….., Joralemon
- SR = Soul Retrieval, Mending the Fragmented Self, Ingerman
- SRK = www.sriramakrishnamath.org
- SSB = stealthsurvival.blogspot.com
- SSCC = Sorcery and Shamanism: Curanderos and Clients in Northern Peru, Joralemon and Sharon.
- SVI = The Sacred Valley of the Incas: Myths and Symbols, Elorrieta Salazar
- SWCC = studentwebs.coloradocollege.edu/~m_pike/welcome.htm
- SXHU = sxhu.org [no www]
- SYFY = www.syfy.com/ghosthuntersinternational/episodes/season/3/episode/307/temple_of_doom_peru
- TAI = Tiwanaku: Ancestors of the Inca, Young-Sánchez
- TAV = The Awakening Valley, Collier and Buitrón
- TCF = www.thefeaturedcreature.com/2013/05/
- TCH = www.tropilab.com/hura-cre.html
- TDJ = The Teachings of Don Juan, Castaneda
- TEG = The Eagle’s Gift, Castaneda
- TEQ = The Eagle’s Quest, Wolf
- TGOP = The Gate of Paradise, Chamalú
- THIM = The Three Halves of Ino Moxo
- TKI = Talking Knots of the Inka, Domenici
- TLD = Tri-Lingual Dictionary, Hornberger
- TP = Theo Paredes (my class notes and personal correspondence)
- TPM = The Pachakúti Mesa, Magee
- TRIB1 = A Key Checkerboard Pattern Tunic of the Linden Museum: First Steps in Breaking the Tocapu Code? TRIBUS 2007, vol. 56 - Abstract
- TSB = The Shaman’s Body, Mindell
- TOP = Tales of Power, Castaneda
- TP = Theo Paredes (my class notes)
- TWR = Geshe Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche (my class notes)
- UNDC = www.unodc.org
- UTE = www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exschtep.html
- VLA = Vocabulario de la Langua Aymara, Bertonio
- VTFD = Voices of the First Day, Lawlor
- WAC = www.agnostica.com.ar/incassaqs.htm
- WAGA = www.aao.gov.au/images/captions/uks018.html
- WAH = www.andeshandbook.cl
- WAHC = www.amazonhub.com
- WAIC = www.arturinsa.com/p_spondilus.html
- WAN = www.amaruli.net
- WANC = www.artnews.com
- WAO = www.aymara.org/biblio/quechua.html
- WAO2 = www.aymara.org/histo_eng.php
- WAW = www.alchemy-works.com/nicotiana_rustica.html
- WAWC = www.accuweather.com
- WAZ = www.americazoo.com
- WBC = www.britannica.com
- WBT = www.bolivia-travels.com/potosi-sucre-tarabuco/tinku.htm
- WCC = www.coloradocollege.edu/dept/an/TorresRouff/AN203/AN203adams/incasettlements.htm
- WCE = [World Culture Encyclopedia] www.everyculture.com/South-America/ Canelos-Quichua-Religion-and-Expressive-Culture.html
- WCF = carnivoraforum.com
- WCH = www.crystal-healing.com
- WDH = www.divinehumanity.com/custom/jaguarshaman.html
- WDPO = www.discpro.org/andean
- WEA = www2.essex.ac.uk/arthistory/arara/issue_five/paper4.html
- WEAD = www.ead.ae
- WEB = www.enjoybolivia.com/english/guiadestinos/titicaca/ATRACCIONES_IN.shtml
- WEBMD = www.webmd.com/
- WEC = www.examiner.com
- WELF = www.essentiallivingfoods.com
- WFH = www.future-hype.com/peru.htm
- WFP = www.fruitipedia.com/macqui Aristotelia chilensis.htm
- WGA = www.goantiques.com/detail,pre-columbian-inca,274690.html
- WGC = www.godchecker.com/pantheon/incan-mythology
- WGMX = www.unischaft.gmxhome.de/archiv/0304/16/16.html
- WGRT = Cocaine: White Gold Rush in Peru, Morales
- WHAC = healing.about.com/cs/uc_directory/a/uc_curanderos_2.htm
- WHC = www.hypermex.com/html/abt_huit.htm
- WHH = www.geocities.com/WestHollywood/Heights/5665/acllacuna.html
- WHR = www.geocities.com/Heartland/Ranch/6426/10moche.html
- WIA = www.theinkaadventure.com/English/Saqsayhuaman.asp
- WIC = www.informationclub.com
- WIKI = en.wikipedia.org (no www)
- WIKID = en.wiktionary.org
- WIKIQ = en.wikiquote.org
- WILT = www.ilatintravel.com
- WIP = indioproducts.com
- WISC = www.immunesupport.com/news/95sum004.htm
- WLC = www.llewellyn.com/bookstore/article.php?id=67
- WIPC = www.infoplease.com/spot/aboriginal1.html
- WLMC = www.luckymojo.com/esoteric/occultism/magic/folk/latinamerican/ebh200207_mexican_herbal.html
- WKC = www.kotamama.com/phase4reports/message_archaeo.htm
- WMC = www.world-mysteries.com
- WMG = www.medicinegarden.com/SRE/PeruInitiation.html
- WMGE = www.midena.gov.ec/sitios_wrapper/fuerzas_armadas/historia/reinoquitoatahualpa.htm
- WMO = www.mythome.org
- WMOP = www.meru.org/posters/adamkadmon.html
- WME = www.wmich.edu/~ovpr/recognition-archive.htm
- WMYS = www.mystae.com/restricted/streams/scripts/shamanism.html
- WNC = www.nierika.com/html/nierika_profile.htm
- WNET = PBS documentary Andes: The Dragon's Back
- WODO = www.websters-online-dictionary.org
- WOTW = Wizard of the Four Winds, Sharon
- WOTC = Warriors of the Clouds, Muscutt
- WP = www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A63462-2004May28_2.html
- WP2 = www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/april99/mummies07.htm
- WPAP = www.pachacamac.net
- WPMC = pacomarca.com/mitos_leyendas_en.htm
- WPC = www.pusinsuyu.com/english/html/wiphala.html
- WPG = www.postgazette.com/pg/05168/523357.stm
- WPH = Eduardo el Curandero, Calderón
- WPO = www.pantheon.org
- WPS = www.pusinsuyu.com/english/html/wiphala.html
- WQC = www.qosqo.com
- WQN = www.quinoa.net
- WRIC = www.research.ibm.com/peru/brujo.htm
- WRT = www.rain-tree.com
- WSC1 = www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/cosmic_darkmatt_020108-1.html
- WSC2 = www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/dark_matter_011211.html
- WSC3 = www.setours.com/festivities.php?lang=en
- WSC4 = www.space.com/4810-universe-dark-messy.html
- WSC5 = www.space.com/3319-astronomers-create-3d-map-dark-matter.html
- WSDC = www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874108007253
- WSEC = www.shamanic-extracts.com
- WSS = www.sacredsites.com/americas/bolivia/samaipata.html
- WTC = www.temakel.com/simbolazoantropo.htm
- WUTE = www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exbousex.html
- WVU = www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/Anthro/Anth101/on_hegemony.htm
- WWKN = www.kachina.net/~alunajoy/awake.html
- WWOC = www.ojinaga.com/store/curanderos/nichos/cipriano.html
- WWP = waynesword.palomar.edu/ecoph19.htm
- WWPE = wordnetweb.princeton.edu
Many of the photographs, graphics and some of the text in this glossary are copyrighted and the intellectual property of others. No copyright infringement is intended and no financial gain for any individual will be made from these pages. This glossary has been assembled for educational purposes only and follows the fair use doctrine of the copyright laws.
*The contributor ANON1 wishes to remain anonymous in respectful deference to his teachers' concerns regarding possible notoriety. The author of this entry has been a student of Peruvian ceremonial traditions for over a decade. His contributions to this Quechua glossary were composed during his three years based in Cusco, Peru, where he experienced Quechua immersion in small Andean communities and actively studied records of the history of Andean cosmology. These definitions are a product of that time spent in close contact with the specific traditions of Cusco, and likely reflect the idiosyncrasies of the language and culture of that region.